Introduction : Creating positive end expiratory pressure through the nose with prong is an effective and non-invasive treatment of respiratory problems in infants. The use of this method has increased due to the increasing number of low-weight births and semester that are in danger of respiratory problems. This method has many health advantages and disadvantages which has long-term and irreversible effects on the infants. The main goal of this study was to determine the relationship between nurses' performance in the prevention of damages to the nose , the severity and incidence of it in infants treated with Continuous Positive Airway  pressure(CPAP)through the nose prong.

Methods: This study has done base on 74 infants treated through nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)with prong in Shahid Beheshti Hospital Neonatal ICU in Isfahan. Babies since the start of the treatment until the time of the occurrence of damage to the nose have recorded three times per day with checklist. After the occurrence of the injury, the severity of the damage is measured with a standard baby score and excluded.

Results: There is a significant inverse correlation between nurses' performance and  nursing care during treatment with NCPAP and injuries (r = - 0.4, P< 0/001) also, there was a significant relationship  between the variables of gender, birth weight, length of treatment, equipment selection with the occurrence of the damage to the nose in babies respectively.

Conclusions: Baby birth weight, gender, duration of treatment, equipment selection, indicators performance for nurses and nursing care during treatment are effective factors in the occurrence of the damage. This experience supports that, having higher level of care quality, more choice in terms of equipment and higher functional indices of total newborns,   the incidence and severity of damage will be less. It is better to have more attention in nursing care guide for nurses, nurse managers and planners.