Introduction: Support of parents of children with cancer requires health care personnel to be knowledgeable about the psychosocial risks among parents of children with cancer. This study thus was conducted to fulfill this aim.

Method: Using the Psychosocial Assessment Tool- Revised (PAT-R) for parents of children with cancer, 200 parents of these children in two hospitals supervised by Kerman University of Medical Sciences was assessed.

Results: In PAT-R, the total mean score was 0.56. There were correlations between religious, mothers' age, number of children, type of cancer, gender of children with cancer and duration of cancer and PAT-R. A difference was found between parents in category of "parents' stress reaction, so that "stress reaction" of mothers was higher than that of fathers.

Conclusion: The total mean score of PAT-R in this study was lower than that in previous studies and stress reaction of mothers was higher than that of fathers. More study is needed to elucidate the parents’ experience of having children with cancer.