Introduction: Family is  the key factor in rasing of children. Nursery children who do not have a chance to experience the mentioned atmosphere are deprived of the lovely setting of family. so the goal of this study is the comparison of Mental health indicators in orphans who are kept in special centers with those who are kept by their relatives in lorestan province.
Methods: this was a cross-sectional and comparative cross-sectional (Causal- comparative) design. The study population included all this leadless children and youth (6-18 years old) who are preserved in special centers with those who are raised by their relatives los. 54 children and adolescents between the ages of 6 to 18 years who are kept in centers sampling method selected and with 54 of the children and adolescents entrusted with relatives on the basis of age, gender and educational level were matched and to Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), a questionnaire completed self-assessment and teacher report form.   
Results: Results showed that anxiety / depression, withdrawal/ depression and physical symptoms there are differences (p<0/001). in other words orphaned children deposited to institutions in of anxiety / depression and withdrawal/ depression higher and in physical symptoms less than.
Conclusion: the results obtained provide appropriate conditions in childhood provision of basic needs for children, including foster secure attachment especially for children who are deprived of safe and stable families. for better growth and success and prevention of psychological problems in children orphanage is necessary.