Introduction : the anxiety disorders are usually chronic and the lack of treatment cause negative effects on children growth and performance, so, this research aimed at studying the efficacy of parent management training on reducing anxiety in preschool children.

Method : This experimental with control group study was conducted among mothers with 4 to 6 child in preschool in Urmia city were going to preschool in 2015-2016. Using multistage randomly sampling, 4 region of Urmia were selected. Then 4 preschool selected randomly and finally the students mothers of 3 classes of each preschool were selected. The participants completed children anxiety scale of Spence (parent form) and structured interview based on DSM-V. among 130 mothers whom children’s anxiety were high, 45 parent selected and randomly replaced into two experimental (PMT, 15 person and Drug therapy 15 person) and a control (15 person) groups.

Results: The data were analyzed using Co-variance method and results showed that the PMT group had highest effectiveness among 3 groups (p< .0001). The drug therapy group were also higher than control.  The results of multivariate co-variance showed that the PMT were effective in all subscale of anxiety and the highest score was about separation anxiety and the lowest score was in OCD (p< .0001). The results showed that the mean of anxiety reduced among children of experimental group after intervention. After one month follow up, mean of anxiety among children was low. MANCOVA showed the significant difference between two groups (p<0/05).

Conclusion: using methods such as PMT rather than drug can reduce anxiety consequences in both children and families.