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Studying the effectiveness of functional training on improving fundamental motor skills in hyperactive male students in the first grade of elementary school
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Azadeh Sepahvandtanha   , Bahman Hassanvand , Zahra Mosayebi , Hosein Barzegari Marvast |
| Department Of physical Education, Khor. C., Islamic Azad University. Khorramabad. Iran. , Hasanvand121@iau.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (196 Views) |
Introduction: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children, which is often associated with delays and problems in fundamental motor skills. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of functional training on improving fundamental motor skills (object movement and control) in hyperactive male students in the first grade of elementary school in Khorramabad.
Method: In this quasi-experimental study, 24 male students in the first grade of elementary school with ADHD were selected using an accessible and purposeful method and randomly divided into two experimental groups (12 people) and control groups (12 people). The experimental group underwent functional training intervention for 8 weeks (3 sessions of 60 minutes per week), and the control group did not have any organized activity. Fundamental motor skills were assessed 24 hours before and after the intervention with the Gross Motor Development Test (TGMD-2). Data were analyzed with paired t-test and analysis of covariance (with control of pre-test effect) in SPSS software and significance level P≤0.05.
results: The results showed that functional training significantly improved movement skills (mean control group 24.8 ± 0.29 and experimental group 26.10 ± 0.36) (8.7% increase; P=0.001) and object control skills (mean control group 24.5 ± 3.04 and experimental group mean 28.8 ± 3.36) (15.7% increase; P=0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Functional training as an effective and non-drug intervention can improve fundamental motor skills in hyperactive male students in the first year of elementary school. These findings emphasize the need to include functional motor programs in the educational and treatment programs of these children. |
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| Keywords: Functional training, fundamental motor skills, movement skills, object control skills, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
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Full-Text [PDF 383 kb]
(98 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2026/01/4 | Accepted: 2026/02/25 | Published: 2026/03/28
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